正定開元寺-三門樓,Zhengding Kaiyuan Temple – Sanmen Tower
正定開元寺-三門樓 by 常山`白云
正定開元寺三門樓復原，正定開元寺三門建於唐如意元年（692年），寺在開元二十六年改名為開元寺，據《解慧寺三門樓贊並序》，三門為寺南正門，上木下石，“基上為門，門上為樓”，推測為無腰簷、副階的兩層樓閣式建築。 開元寺唐代三門在明代尚存，萬曆二十八年《重修真定開元寺記》碑記：“寺前有門樓”，至1908年桑原騭藏拍攝時已毀，僅剩二柱立於原址，其餘石柱殘段散落各處，2008年，三門樓各石柱在查閱大量資料後，重修粘接修復，並重立在原處，恢復此唐代建築遺跡。
復原數據依《正定開元寺唐三門樓石柱初步整理與探析》一文實測，推測面闊心間、次間復原為唐大尺15尺，梢間推測為13尺，進深兩間各13尺，首層柱高17.5尺，二層柱高一丈，二層為四椽栿通簷兩柱，每架6.5尺，材寬取17.8cm，合唐尺6寸材，足材高37.38cm。
造型為面闊五間，進深兩間的樓閣式建築，首層用分心槽，鬥栱用六鋪作三抄無令栱，二層四椽栿通搭，也用六鋪作出三抄，歇山頂。
此門規模不小，是早期樓閣式三門的重要遺跡，與羅漢院大殿石柱一樣，也經歷了被毀-擾動-重新整理的過程，但此門被毀後，由於石柱上有大量唐代線刻圖案、文字，所以頗得金石家關注，《常山貞石志》等均對石柱位置，造型有較為詳細的描述，為復原提供了另一方面的依據。
Zhengding Kaiyuan Temple three gate tower restored, Zhengding Kaiyuan Temple three gates built in the first year of Tang Ruyi (692), the temple in the 26th year of the beginning of the new century renamed Kaiyuan Temple, according to the "Xiehui Temple Three Gate Lou Praise and Order", the three gates are the south main gate of the temple, the upper wood and the lower stone, "the base is the door, the door is the building", presumably a two-story pavilion-style building without waist eaves and secondary steps. The three gates of Kaiyuan Temple and the Tang Dynasty still exist in the Ming Dynasty, and the inscription in the 28th year of Wanli "Rebuilding the Zhending Kaiyuan Temple": "There is a gate tower in front of the temple", until 1908 when Kuwabara was filmed, it was destroyed, only two pillars stood on the original site, and the rest of the stone pillar fragments were scattered everywhere, in 2008, the stone pillars of the Sanmen Tower were rebuilt and bonded after consulting a large number of materials, and re-erected in place to restore this Tang Dynasty architectural remains.
According to the actual measurement of the article "Preliminary Sorting and Analysis of the Stone Pillars of the Tang Sanmen Tower of Zhengding Kaiyuan Temple", it is speculated that the width of the face and the second room are restored to 15 feet of Tang ruler, the height of the top is 13 feet, the depth of the two rooms is 13 feet each, the first layer column is 17.5 feet high, the second layer column is one zhang high, the second floor is four rafters and two columns, each frame is 6.5 feet, the width of the material is 17 .8cm, the Tang foot is 6 inches, and the foot height is 37.38cm.
The shape is a pavilion-style building with five wide faces and two deep rooms, with a distraction trough on the first floor, six pavings for three copies of the bucket, and four rafters on the second floor, and six pavings to make three copies to rest on the top of the mountain.
This gate is not small, is an important relic of the early pavilion-style three gates, like the stone pillars of the main hall of the Luohan Courtyard, it has also undergone the process of destruction-disturbance-rearrangement, but after the destruction of this door, because the stone pillar has a large number of Tang Dynasty line engraving patterns, text, so it has attracted the attention of the Jinshi family, "Changshan Zhenshi Zhi" and so on have a more detailed description of the location and shape of the stone pillar, providing another basis for restoration.
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