岳阳楼Yueyang Tower
——- Fan Zhongyan "Memorial to Yueyang Tower "
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岳阳楼，位于湖南省岳阳市岳阳楼区洞庭北路，地处岳阳古城西门城墙之上，紧靠洞庭湖畔，下瞰洞庭，前望君山；始建于东汉建安二十年（215年），历代屡加重修，现存建筑沿袭清光绪六年（1880年）重建时的形制与格局；因北宋滕宗谅重修岳阳楼，邀好友范仲淹作《岳阳楼记》使得岳阳楼著称于世。自古有“洞庭天下水，岳阳天下楼”之美誉，与湖北武汉黄鹤楼、江西南昌滕王阁并称为“江南三大名楼”，是“中国十大历史文化名楼”之一，世称"天下第一楼"。本资产的发布，标志着工坊“江南三大名楼”资产全部集齐。
岳阳楼主楼为长方形体，主楼高19.42米，进深14.54米，宽17.42米，为三层、四柱、飞檐、盔顶、纯木结构，楼中四根楠木金柱直贯楼顶，周围绕以廊、枋、椽、檩互相榫合，结为整体；顶覆琉璃黄瓦，构型庄重大方。岳阳楼内一楼悬挂《岳阳楼记》雕屏及诗文、对联、雕刻等；二楼正中悬有紫檀木雕屏，上刻有清朝书法家张照书写的《岳阳楼记》；三楼悬有毛泽东手书的杜甫《登岳阳楼》诗词雕屏，檐柱上挂“长庚李白书”对联“水天一色，风月无边”，具有一定的观赏价值。岳阳楼作为三大名楼中唯一保持原貌的古建筑，独特的盔顶结构体现了古代劳动人民的聪明智慧及能工巧匠的精巧设计技能。
1988年1月，岳阳楼被国务院公布为第三批全国重点文物保护单位；同年8月，岳阳楼被列为国家重点风景名胜保护区。 2005年1月30日，岳阳楼入选湖南十大文化遗产。 2011年9月，岳阳楼景区被全国旅游景区质量等级评定委员会正式批准为国家AAAAA级旅游景区。
If you’ve played the game "Civilization VI", you’re supposed to remember there is an impassable Natural Wonder called "Zhangye Danxia" whose description is "With the sun shining brightly, then dusk’s mists falling, at every turn, the scenery changes like magic." Actually these words come from "Memorial to Yueyang Tower" written by Fan Zhongyan.
Yueyang Tower (simplified Chinese: 岳阳楼; traditional Chinese: 岳陽樓; pinyin: Yuèyáng Lóu) is an ancient Chinese tower in Yueyang, Hunan Province, on the shore of Lake Dongting. Alongside the Pavilion of Prince Teng and Yellow Crane Tower, it is one of the Three Great Towers of Jiangnan. Yueyang Tower became famous for Memorial to Yueyang Tower (《岳阳楼记》) written by Fan Zhongyan, an eminent minister of the Northern Song dynasty (960–1127) in China.
Located on the city wall of the west gate of the ancient city in Yueyang city, Hunan province, China, Yueyang Tower faces Junshan Island and overlooks Dongting Lake, being exquisite and imposing. Since ancient times, it has enjoyed the good reputation that Dongting Lake is the best among lakes, and Yueyang Tower is incomparable among towers. Yueyang Tower with yellow tiles and overhanging eaves set the green forest off (黄瓦飞檐). Its roof covered with yellow glazed tiles (黄色琉璃瓦) has a smooth curve, precipitous yet warped, just like a general’s helmet in ancient China. It is the only ancient building with a helmet roof structure in China.
The current Yueyang Tower is of pure wood structure. The main tower is 19.42 metres (63.7 ft) with three layers of overhanging eaves (三层飞檐). Four nanmu hypostyle columns in the tower go straight to the roof of the tower. To commemorate Lu Su, the famous general of Eastern Wu, the roof of Yueyang Tower is designed into a helmet roof held by a ruyi bracket system (如意斗拱盔顶式). The ruyi bracket system under a helmet roof is in the shape of a honeycomb, being dainty and exquisite. Three layers of overhanging eaves set off the helmet roof, looking like a roc spreading its wings, and flying up.
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